Asthma
A chronic respiratory condition in which the airways become inflamed and narrowed, making breathing difficult.
Overview
Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterised by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, which leads to difficulty in breathing. The lining of the bronchial tubes becomes inflamed and swollen, the muscles around the airways tighten, and excess mucus is produced — together these block airflow.
Asthma is managed through a combination of long-term control and quick-relief measures. Regular monitoring and avoiding known triggers are essential. With proper treatment and constitutional care, people with asthma can lead normal, active lives.
Causes & triggers
- Allergens such as pollen, dust mites, pet dander and mould
- Irritants like smoke, pollution and strong odours
- Respiratory infections such as the common cold
- Physical activity (exercise-induced asthma)
- Cold air or sudden changes in weather
- Strong emotions and stress
Common symptoms
- Shortness of breath or feeling out of breath
- Wheezing — a whistling or squeaky sound while breathing
- Coughing, especially at night or early morning
- Chest tightness or a feeling of pressure
Prevention & self-care
- Track and remove your personal triggers at home and work
- Keep bedding, curtains and fans free of dust
- Practise gentle breathing exercises daily
- Never stop prescribed inhalers without medical advice
When to see a doctor
Seek urgent care for breathlessness at rest, difficulty speaking in full sentences, blue lips, or relief inhalers that stop working.
Book a consultation